Fix id clash in `Ui::response` (#5192)

This adds a new `Ui::unique_id` used in `Ui::response`.

I'll make a follow-up PR where the old `id` is renamed `stable_id`, and
deprecate `fn id` to force users to think through which `id` they want.

* Closes https://github.com/emilk/egui/issues/5190

crates/egui/src/ui.rs

@@ -49,15 +49,27 @@ use crate::Stroke;
 /// # });
 /// ```
 pub struct Ui {
-    /// ID of this ui.
+    /// Generated based on id of parent ui together with an optional id salt.
     ///
-    /// Generated based on id of parent ui together with
+    /// This should be stable from one frame to next
-    /// another source of child identity (e.g. window title).
+    /// so it can be used as a source for storing state
-    /// Acts like a namespace for child uis.
+    /// (e.g. window position, or if a collapsing header is open).
-    /// Should be unique and persist predictably from one frame to next
+    ///
-    /// so it can be used as a source for storing state (e.g. window position, or if a collapsing header is open).
+    /// However, it is not necessarily globally unique.
+    /// For instance, sibling `Ui`s share the same [`Self::id`]
+    /// unless they where explicitly given different id salts using
+    /// [`UiBuilder::id_salt`].
     id: Id,
 
+    /// This is a globally unique ID of this `Ui`,
+    /// based on where in the hierarchy of widgets this Ui is in.
+    ///
+    /// This means it is not _stable_, as it can change if new widgets
+    /// are added or removed prior to this one.
+    /// It should therefore only be used for transient interactions (clicks etc),
+    /// not for storing state over time.
+    unique_id: Id,
+
     /// This is used to create a unique interact ID for some widgets.
     ///
     /// This value is based on where in the hierarchy of widgets this Ui is in,
@@ -144,6 +156,7 @@ impl Ui {
         };
         let mut ui = Ui {
             id,
+            unique_id: id,
             next_auto_id_salt: id.with("auto").value(),
             painter: Painter::new(ctx, layer_id, clip_rect),
             style,
@@ -157,10 +170,10 @@ impl Ui {
         };
 
         // Register in the widget stack early, to ensure we are behind all widgets we contain:
-        let start_rect = Rect::NOTHING; // This will be overwritten when/if `interact_bg` is called
+        let start_rect = Rect::NOTHING; // This will be overwritten when/if `remember_min_rect` is called
         ui.ctx().create_widget(
             WidgetRect {
-                id: ui.id,
+                id: ui.unique_id,
                 layer_id: ui.layer_id(),
                 rect: start_rect,
                 interact_rect: start_rect,
@@ -266,14 +279,15 @@ impl Ui {
         }
 
         debug_assert!(!max_rect.any_nan());
-        let new_id = self.id.with(id_salt);
+        let stable_id = self.id.with(id_salt);
-        let next_auto_id_salt = new_id.with(self.next_auto_id_salt).value();
+        let unique_id = stable_id.with(self.next_auto_id_salt);
+        let next_auto_id_salt = unique_id.value().wrapping_add(1);
 
         self.next_auto_id_salt = self.next_auto_id_salt.wrapping_add(1);
 
         let placer = Placer::new(max_rect, layout);
         let ui_stack = UiStack {
-            id: new_id,
+            id: unique_id,
             layout_direction: layout.main_dir,
             info: ui_stack_info,
             parent: Some(self.stack.clone()),
@@ -281,7 +295,8 @@ impl Ui {
             max_rect: placer.max_rect(),
         };
         let child_ui = Ui {
-            id: new_id,
+            id: stable_id,
+            unique_id,
             next_auto_id_salt,
             painter,
             style,
@@ -295,10 +310,10 @@ impl Ui {
         };
 
         // Register in the widget stack early, to ensure we are behind all widgets we contain:
-        let start_rect = Rect::NOTHING; // This will be overwritten when/if `interact_bg` is called
+        let start_rect = Rect::NOTHING; // This will be overwritten when/if `remember_min_rect` is called
         child_ui.ctx().create_widget(
             WidgetRect {
-                id: child_ui.id,
+                id: child_ui.unique_id,
                 layer_id: child_ui.layer_id(),
                 rect: start_rect,
                 interact_rect: start_rect,
@@ -334,12 +349,33 @@ impl Ui {
 
     // -------------------------------------------------
 
-    /// A unique identity of this [`Ui`].
+    /// Generated based on id of parent ui together with an optional id salt.
+    ///
+    /// This should be stable from one frame to next
+    /// so it can be used as a source for storing state
+    /// (e.g. window position, or if a collapsing header is open).
+    ///
+    /// However, it is not necessarily globally unique.
+    /// For instance, sibling `Ui`s share the same [`Self::id`]
+    /// unless they where explicitly given different id salts using
+    /// [`UiBuilder::id_salt`].
     #[inline]
     pub fn id(&self) -> Id {
         self.id
     }
 
+    /// This is a globally unique ID of this `Ui`,
+    /// based on where in the hierarchy of widgets this Ui is in.
+    ///
+    /// This means it is not _stable_, as it can change if new widgets
+    /// are added or removed prior to this one.
+    /// It should therefore only be used for transient interactions (clicks etc),
+    /// not for storing state over time.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn unique_id(&self) -> Id {
+        self.unique_id
+    }
+
     /// Style options for this [`Ui`] and its children.
     ///
     /// Note that this may be a different [`Style`] than that of [`Context::style`].
@@ -1044,8 +1080,8 @@ impl Ui {
                 viewport
                     .prev_pass
                     .widgets
-                    .get(self.id)
+                    .get(self.unique_id)
-                    .or_else(|| viewport.this_pass.widgets.get(self.id))
+                    .or_else(|| viewport.this_pass.widgets.get(self.unique_id))
                     .copied()
             })
             .map(|widget_rect| self.ctx().get_response(widget_rect))
@@ -1062,12 +1098,12 @@ impl Ui {
         // when the ui was created with `UiBuilder::sense`.
         // This is a bit hacky, is there a better way?
         self.ctx().pass_state_mut(|fs| {
-            fs.used_ids.remove(&self.id);
+            fs.used_ids.remove(&self.unique_id);
         });
         // This will update the WidgetRect that was first created in `Ui::new`.
         self.ctx().create_widget(
             WidgetRect {
-                id: self.id,
+                id: self.unique_id,
                 layer_id: self.layer_id(),
                 rect: self.min_rect(),
                 interact_rect: self.clip_rect().intersect(self.min_rect()),
@@ -1085,7 +1121,7 @@ impl Ui {
     #[deprecated = "Use UiBuilder::sense with Ui::response instead"]
     pub fn interact_bg(&self, sense: Sense) -> Response {
         // This will update the WidgetRect that was first created in `Ui::new`.
-        self.interact(self.min_rect(), self.id, sense)
+        self.interact(self.min_rect(), self.unique_id, sense)
     }
 
     /// Is the pointer (mouse/touch) above this rectangle in this [`Ui`]?
@@ -1372,7 +1408,7 @@ impl Ui {
         let item_spacing = self.spacing().item_spacing;
         self.placer.advance_after_rects(rect, rect, item_spacing);
         register_rect(self, rect);
-        let response = self.interact(rect, child_ui.id, Sense::hover());
+        let response = self.interact(rect, child_ui.unique_id, Sense::hover());
         InnerResponse::new(inner, response)
     }